Application of Soy Protein Concentrate in Animal Feed
Abstract: Soy protein concentrate is made from soybeans. After crushing, peeling, extracting, separating, washing, drying and other processing techniques, the oil, low-molecular soluble non-protein components (mainly soluble sugar, ash, alcohol) in soybeans are removed. Soybean deep-processed products obtained after solubilizing protein and various odor substances, etc.). There are four main production processes for soybean protein concentrate, namely, moist heat extraction, acid washing, ethanol extraction and ultrafiltration membrane method.
Due to the elimination of oligosaccharide flatulence factors, trypsin inhibitors, lectins and saponins and other anti-nutritional factors, the nutrient digestibility of soy protein concentrate is improved to a certain extent, and the product flavor and quality are improved, which makes soy concentrate Protein has been very popular in the food industry and feed industry since its commercial production in 1959.
Keywords: soy protein concentrate, feed, application
Quality standards and nutritional characteristics of soy protein concentrate
In January 1983, the Food and Nutrition Society of the United States Department of Agriculture established a quality standard that the protein content of soy protein concentrate is greater than 60%.
In 1987, the International Food Standards Committee and the Vegetable Protein Standards Committee passed the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization Joint Food Standards Regulations at the Havana meeting in Cuba, and proposed that the protein content of soy protein concentrate should be 65% to 90%.
Application of Soy Protein Concentrate in Animal Feed
As a substitute for skimmed milk powder and plasma protein powder.
Skimmed milk powder and plasma protein powder have the advantages of high digestibility and balanced amino acid composition. They are traditionally used as high-quality protein materials for suckling pig starter and early weaning pig feed, but they are expensive.
After catastrophic events such as dioxin pollution and mad cow disease occurred, some areas even banned the use of animal protein in feed. Therefore, finding alternatives to the above-mentioned protein raw materials has always been a major issue in the industry.
After research, it was found that for piglets between 14 days and 35 days of age, using soy protein concentrate to replace 14% of the same protein milk powder, achieved the same food intake and growth rate. The researchers used soy protein concentrate to replace the skimmed milk powder in the early weaned piglets’ diet, and found that the feed conversion rate of the soy protein concentrate was slightly worse, but there was no difference in growth performance.
European trials have shown that the use of soy protein concentrate in combination with high-quality carbohydrate feed such as whey powder to feed early weaned piglets of different ages has achieved similar growth performance to skimmed milk powder.
As a substitute for fish meal.
Fish meal is a protein raw material commonly used in feed for piglets. However, due to the rapid development of the breeding industry, the supply of fish meal will fall short of demand. In addition, the price of high-quality fishmeal is high, and local-produced fishmeal usually has unstable nutrient content.
The non-amino acid nitrogen in fish meal is about 22%, which is higher than 10% of soy protein concentrate, resulting in low digestion and absorption rate of protein in fish meal by piglets. Fish meal may contain pollution sources, such as biogenic amines and pathogenic bacteria, which can cause poor immune function and diarrhea in piglets. Moreover, fishmeal may be a source of pollution of “dioxin”.
Freshness is an important indicator of fish meal quality, so fish meal should not be stored for a long time. The use of soy protein concentrate avoids the above-mentioned disadvantages.